Magnet ni iki?
Magnet ni ibikoresho bikoresha imbaraga zigaragara kuriyo nta guhuza umubiri nibindi bikoresho.Izi mbaraga zitwa magnetism.Imbaraga za rukuruzi zirashobora gukurura cyangwa kwanga.Ibikoresho byinshi bizwi birimo imbaraga za rukuruzi, ariko imbaraga za rukuruzi muribi bikoresho ni nto cyane.Kubikoresho bimwe, imbaraga za rukuruzi nini cyane, ibyo bikoresho rero bita magnesi.Isi ubwayo nayo ni rukuruzi nini.
Hano hari ingingo ebyiri kuri magnesi zose aho imbaraga za rukuruzi nini cyane.Bazwi nkibiti.Kuri urukiramende rw'urukiramende, inkingi zirengana.Bitwa Pole y'Amajyaruguru cyangwa pole ishakisha amajyaruguru, na Pole yepfo cyangwa gushaka amajyepfo.
Magneti irashobora gukorwa gusa mugufata rukuruzi ihari hanyuma ugasiga hamwe nicyuma.Iki gice cyicyuma gikoreshwa kigomba gukururwa ubudahwema mu cyerekezo kimwe.Ibi bituma electron muri kiriya cyuma zitangira kuzunguruka mu cyerekezo kimwe.Umuyagankuba nawo urashobora gukora magnesi.Kubera ko amashanyarazi ari fl ow ya electron, mugihe electron zigendanwa zigenda mumurongo zitwara hamwe ningaruka za electron zizunguruka nucleus.Ibi byitwa electromagnet.
Bitewe nuburyo electron zabo zitunganijwe, ibyuma nikel, cobalt, ibyuma, nicyuma bikora magnesi nziza.Ibyo byuma birashobora kuguma magnesi iteka iyo bimaze kuba magnesi.Gutyo rero gutwara izina rikomeye.Nyamara ibyo byuma nibindi birashobora kwitwara nka magnesi by'agateganyo niba byaragaragaye cyangwa byegereye rukuruzi ikomeye.Noneho bitwaza izina ryoroshye magnesi.
Uburyo Magnetism ikora
Magnetism ibaho mugihe uduce duto bita electron zigenda muburyo bumwe.Ibintu byose bigizwe nibice byitwa atome, nabyo bigizwe na electron nibindi bice, aribyo neutron na proton.Izi electron zikunda kuzenguruka nucleus, zirimo ibindi bice byavuzwe haruguru.Imbaraga ntoya ya magnetiki iterwa no kuzunguruka kwa electron.Rimwe na rimwe, electron nyinshi mu kintu zizunguruka mu cyerekezo kimwe.Igisubizo cyizo mbaraga zose za magnetiki ziva kuri electron ni magnet nini.
Gutegura ifu
Ubwinshi bwibyuma, boron, na neodymium birashyuha kugirango bishonge munsi yu cyuho cyangwa mumatara ya induction ashonga ukoresheje gaze ya inert.Gukoresha icyuho ni ukurinda imiti yimiti hagati yibikoresho byo gushonga numwuka.Iyo ibishishwa bishongeshejwe bimaze gukonja, biravunika kandi bikajanjagurwa bikora uduce duto duto.Nyuma yaho, uduce duto twajanjaguwe hanyuma tujanjagurwa mu ifu nziza iri hagati ya microni 3 na 7 z'umurambararo.Ifu nshya yashizwemo irakora cyane kandi irashobora gutera inkongi y'umuriro kandi igomba kuba kure yo guhura na ogisijeni.
Kwishyira hamwe
Inzira yo guhuza isostatike nayo yitwa gukanda.Ifu y'ifu ifatwa igashyirwa mubibumbano.Iyi shusho nayo yitwa gupfa.Kugirango ibikoresho byifu bibe bihuye nuduce twa poro hakoreshwa ingufu za magneti, kandi mugihe mugihe hakoreshwa ingufu za magneti, impfizi z'intama za hydraulic zikoreshwa kugirango zisenywe burundu kugeza kuri santimetero 0.125 (0.32 cm) zateganijwe ubunini.Umuvuduko mwinshi ukoreshwa mubisanzwe kuva 10,000 psi kugeza 15,000 psi (70 MPa kugeza 100 MPa).Ibindi bishushanyo mbonera bikozwe mugushira ibintu mubikoresho byimuwe n'umuyaga mbere yo kubikanda muburyo bwifuzwa na gaze.
Ibyinshi mubikoresho bifata urugero, ibiti, amazi, numwuka bifite magnetique bifite intege nke cyane.Magnets ikurura ibintu birimo ibyuma byahoze cyane.Bakurura kandi bakirukana izindi magneti zikomeye iyo zegeranijwe.Igisubizo ni ukubera ko buri rukuruzi rufite inkingi ebyiri zinyuranye.Inkingi yepfo ikurura inkingi yamajyaruguru yandi mageti, ariko yirukana izindi nkingi yepfo naho ubundi.
Gukora Magneti
Uburyo busanzwe bukoreshwa mugukora magnesi bita powder metallurgie.Kubera ko magnesi zigizwe nibikoresho bitandukanye, inzira zo kubikora nazo ziratandukanye kandi zidasanzwe wenyine.Kurugero, electromagneti ikorwa hifashishijwe tekinoroji yo guta ibyuma, mugihe magnesi zihoraho zihoraho zikorwa mubikorwa birimo gusohora plastike aho ibikoresho fatizo bivangwa nubushyuhe mbere yo guhatirwa gukingurwa mugihe cyumuvuduko ukabije.Hasi ni inzira yo gukora magnet.
Ibintu byose byingenzi kandi byingenzi byo gutoranya magnesi bigomba kuganirwaho hamwe nitsinda ryubwubatsi n’umusaruro.Inzira ya magnetisiyonike kubikorwa byo gukora magnesi, kugeza magingo aya, ibikoresho ni igice cyicyuma gifunitse.Nubwo yashyizwe ku mbaraga za rukuruzi mugihe cyo gukanda isostatike, izo mbaraga ntabwo zazanye imbaraga za rukuruzi kubintu, zashyize kumurongo gusa ifu yuzuye ifu.Igice kizanwa hagati yinkingi za electromagnet ikomeye hanyuma nyuma ikerekeza mu cyerekezo kigenewe rukuruzi.Nyuma ya electromagnet imaze gushyirwamo ingufu, imbaraga za rukuruzi zihuza imbaraga za magneti mubintu, bigatuma igice gikomeye cyane.
Gushyushya Ibikoresho
Nyuma yuburyo bwo guhuza isostatike isupu yicyuma cyifu itandukanijwe nurupfu igashyirwa mu ziko.Gucumura ni inzira cyangwa uburyo bwo kongeramo ubushyuhe mubyuma byifu bifunitse kugirango ubihindure mubice byahujwe, ibyuma bikomeye nyuma.
Inzira yo gucumura igizwe ahanini n'ibyiciro bitatu.Mugihe cyambere cyambere, ibikoresho byafunitse bishyuha mubushyuhe buke cyane kugirango wirukane ubushuhe bwose cyangwa ibintu byose byanduye bishobora kuba byarafashwe mugihe cyo guhuza isostatike.Mugihe cyicyiciro cya kabiri cyo gucumura, habaho kuzamuka kwubushyuhe kugera kuri 70-90% byumuti ushonga.Ubushyuhe noneho bufatirwa hariya mumasaha cyangwa iminsi kugirango utuntu duto duhuze, duhuze kandi duhuze hamwe.Icyiciro cyanyuma cyo gucumura ni mugihe ibikoresho bikonje buhoro buhoro mukwiyongera kwubushyuhe.
Gufata Ibikoresho
Nyuma yo gushyushya haza inzira ya annealing.Nigihe mugihe ibikoresho byacumuye bigenda byintambwe yintambwe igenzurwa no gushyushya no gukonjesha kugirango bigabanye imihangayiko iyo ari yo yose cyangwa ibisigisigi byose bisigaye mubintu kandi bigakomera.
Kurangiza
Imashini zacuzwe hejuru zigizwe nurwego runaka cyangwa urwego rwo gutunganya, uhereye kubisya neza kandi biringaniye cyangwa gukora ibice bito bivuye kuri magnesi.Ibikoresho bikora magnet birakomeye kandi byoroshye (Rockwell C 57 kugeza 61).Kubwibyo bikoresho bikenera ibiziga bya diyama kubikorwa byo gukata, bikoreshwa no mubiziga byangiza kugirango bisya.Inzira yo gukata irashobora gukorwa neza cyane kandi mubisanzwe ikuraho ibikenewe muburyo bwo gusya.Inzira zavuzwe haruguru zisaba gukorwa neza cyane kugirango ugabanye gucamo no guturika.
Hariho aho imiterere ya magnet cyangwa imiterere ifasha cyane gutunganya hamwe ninziga isya ya diyama imeze nkimigati.Impera yanyuma muburyo bwa fi nal yazanwe kera gusya kandi uruziga rusya rutanga ibipimo nyabyo kandi byuzuye.Igicuruzwa cyometseho cyegereye imiterere yuzuye nubunini kuburyo byifuzwa gukorwa.Hafi ya net ishusho nizina risanzwe rihabwa iyi miterere.Inzira yanyuma kandi yanyuma ikuraho ibintu byose birenze kandi ikerekana ubuso bworoshye cyane aho bikenewe.Hanyuma, kugirango ushireho ubuso ibikoresho bihabwa ikingira.
Inzira ya rukuruzi
Magnetizing ikurikira inzira yo kurangiza, kandi mugihe ibikorwa byo gukora birangiye, rukuruzi ikenera kwishyurwa kugirango ikore magnetiki yo hanze.Kugirango ubigereho, solenoid ikoreshwa.Solenoid ni silindiri idafite aho ishobora gushyirwaho ubunini bwa magneti nubunini butandukanye cyangwa hamwe na fi xtures solenoid ikozwe kugirango itange uburyo bwa magneti cyangwa ibishushanyo bitandukanye.kugirango wirinde gukora no guteranya izo magneti zikomeye mubihe byabo bya magneti inteko nini zishobora gukoreshwa. .Ibitekerezo bigomba gukorwa kuri magnetizing requirements ibyangombwa bisabwa, nibyingenzi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jul-05-2022