Ubwoko butandukanye bwa magnesi burimo:
Alnico Magnets
Imashini ya Alnico ibaho mubakinnyi, gucumura, no guhuza verisiyo.Bikunze kugaragara cyane ni magnetiki ya alnico.Nitsinda ryingenzi cyane rya magnet alloys.Magnetic ya alnico irimo Ni, A1, Fe, na Co hamwe na bike byongeweho Ti na Cu.Alnicos ifite imbaraga nyinshi cyane kuberako imiterere ya anisotropy ya Pe cyangwa Fe, Co ibice.Ibi bice bigwa muri ferromagnetic idakomeye cyangwa idafite ferromagnetic Ni - Al matrix.Nyuma yo gukonja, alnicos ya isotropic 1-4 ihindurwamo amasaha menshi mubushyuhe bwinshi.
Kwangirika kwa spinodal ni inzira yo gutandukana.Ingano yanyuma nuburyo bwibice bigenwa mugihe cyambere cyo kwangirika kwa spinodal.Alnicos ifite coefficient nziza yubushyuhe kuburyo hejuru yubushyuhe bafite impinduka nke mubisohoka mumirima.Izi magneti zirashobora gukora ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa magneti.
Kugabanuka kwa alnicos birashobora kugabanuka mugihe aho akazi gakosowe, nko gukoresha magneti maremare kuruta mbere kugirango hongerwe uburebure bwa diameter igereranijwe ni itegeko ryiza ryo kuyobora igikumwe kuri magneti ya Alnico.Impamvu zose zo hanze zigomba kwitabwaho ariko.Uburebure bunini kuri diameter igereranijwe hamwe numuyoboro mwiza wa magneti urashobora kandi gukenerwa.
Akabari
Imashini ya bar ni ibice byurukiramende rwibintu, bigizwe nicyuma, ibyuma cyangwa ikindi kintu cyose cyitwa ferromagnetic gifite ibiranga cyangwa ibintu bikomeye bya magneti.Zigizwe n'inkingi ebyiri, inkingi yo mu majyaruguru na pole y'amajyepfo.
Iyo umurongo wa magneti uhagaritswe mu bwisanzure, uhuza ubwayo ku buryo inkingi yo mu majyaruguru yerekeza ku cyerekezo cya rukuruzi ya rukuruzi y'isi.
Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwa magneti.Imashini ya cylindrical nanone yiswe inkoni kandi ifite uburebure buri hejuru cyane ya diameter ituma imitungo yabo ya magnetisme ihanitse.Itsinda rya kabiri rya bar magneti ni urukiramende.Izi magneti nd ndinshi mubikorwa mubikorwa byinganda nubwubatsi kuko bifite imbaraga za rukuruzi kandi zirenze izindi magneti.
Niba umurongo wa magneti wacitse hagati, ibice byombi bizakomeza kugira inkingi yo mumajyaruguru hamwe na pole yepfo, nubwo ibi byagarutsweho inshuro nyinshi.Imbaraga za rukuruzi ya bar magnet irakomeye cyane kuri pole.Iyo magnesi ebyiri zibari zegeranijwe hafi yazo, bitandukanye cyane ninkingi bikurura rwose kandi nkibiti bizasubiranamo.Imashini zibari zikurura ferromagnetic ibikoresho nka cobalt, nikel, nicyuma.
Imashini zifunze
Imashini ifatanye ifite ibice bibiri byingenzi: polymer itari magnetique nifu ya rukuruzi ikomeye.Iyanyuma irashobora gukorwa mubintu byose bya magneti, harimo alnico, ferrite na neodymium, cobalt nicyuma.Ifu ebyiri cyangwa nyinshi za magnetique nazo zirashobora kuvangwa hamwe bityo bigakora imvange ivanze yifu.Ibiranga ifu byateguwe neza binyuze muri chimie nintambwe ku ntambwe igamije gukoresha magneti ahujwe uko ibikoresho byaba bimeze kose.
Imashini ihujwe ifite ibyiza byinshi muburyo bwo gukora net net isaba nta bikorwa cyangwa bike byo kurangiza iyo ugereranije nibindi bikorwa bya metallurgji.Kubwibyo inteko zongerewe agaciro zishobora gukorwa mubukungu mubikorwa bimwe.Iyi magnesi ni ibintu byinshi cyane kandi bigizwe nuburyo bwinshi bwo gutunganya.Bimwe mubyiza bya magneti bihujwe nuko bifite imiterere yubukanishi nziza kandi irwanya amashanyarazi mugihe ugereranije nibikoresho byacumuye.Izi magneti nazo ziraboneka mubunini butandukanye.Bafite kwihanganira geometrike hamwe nibikorwa byo hasi cyane.Baraboneka kandi hamwe na magnetisike ya Multole.
Imashini ya Ceramic
Ijambo ceramic magnet ryerekeza kuri magnite ya Ferrite.Iyi magnetiki ceramic ni igice cyumuryango uhoraho.Nibiciro bihendutse biboneka mugihe ugereranije nandi ma magneti.Ibikoresho bikora magneti ceramic ni okiside ya fer na karubone ya strontium.Izi magneti ferrite zifite imbaraga zingana za magnetique kandi zirashobora gukoreshwa mubushyuhe bwinshi.Inyungu imwe idasanzwe bafite ni uko irwanya ruswa kandi yoroshye cyane ya magneti, bigatuma bahitamo bwa mbere kubakoresha benshi, inganda, tekiniki nubucuruzi.Magnetiki ya Ceramic ifite amanota atandukanye hamwe nibisanzwe bikoreshwa ni Icyiciro cya 5. Ziboneka muburyo butandukanye nka blok na shusho yimpeta.Birashobora kandi kuba ibicuruzwa byakozwe kugirango byuzuze ibyo umukiriya asabwa.
Magnite ya Ferrite irashobora gukoreshwa mubushyuhe bwinshi.Imiterere ya magnetique ya ceramic magneti igabanuka hamwe nubushyuhe.Barasaba kandi ubuhanga budasanzwe bwo gutunganya.Iyindi nyungu yongeyeho nuko badakeneye kurindwa ingese kuko igizwe na firime yifu ya magneti hejuru yabo.Ku guhuza, akenshi bifatanyirizwa kubicuruzwa ukoresheje superglues.Ceramic Magnets iravunika cyane kandi irakomeye, kumeneka byoroshye iyo yamanutse cyangwa yamenaguwe hamwe, kubwibyo birakenewe cyane kwitonda no kwitonda mugihe ukoresha izo magnesi.
Amashanyarazi
Electromagnets ni magnesi aho amashanyarazi atera umurima wa magneti.Mubisanzwe bigizwe numugozi wakomerekejwe muri coil.Ikigezweho kirema magnetiki ikoresheje insinga.Iyo ikizimya kizimye umurima wa magneti urazimira.Electromagnets igizwe ninsinga zisanzwe zikomeretsa hafi ya magnetiki ikozwe mumashanyarazi.Magnetiki fl ux yibanda cyane kuri magnetiki, itanga imbaraga zikomeye.
Akarusho ka electromagneti ugereranije na magnesi zihoraho nuko impinduka zishobora gukoreshwa vuba mumaseti ya magneti muguhuza amashanyarazi mumashanyarazi.Nyamara, imbogamizi nyamukuru ya electromagneti ni uko hakenewe itangwa ryikomeza ryumuyaga kugirango dukomeze umurima wa rukuruzi.Ibindi bitagenda neza nuko bashyuha vuba kandi bagakoresha imbaraga nyinshi.Basohora kandi ingufu nyinshi mumashanyarazi yabo niba hari ihagarikwa ryumuyagankuba.Iyi magnesi ikoreshwa nkibigize ibikoresho bitandukanye byamashanyarazi, nka generator, relay, solenoide ya electro-mashini, moteri, indangururamajwi, nibikoresho byo gutandukanya magneti.Ubundi buryo bukomeye mu nganda ni ukwimura ibintu biremereye no gufata ibyuma nicyuma.Bimwe mubintu biranga amashanyarazi ni uko magnesi akurura ibikoresho bya ferromagnetiki nka nikel, cobalt, nicyuma kandi nka magnesi nyinshi nkibiti bigenda kure yundi mugihe bitandukanye ninkingi zikururana.
Imashini zoroshye
Imashini zihindagurika ni ibintu bya magneti bigenewe guhindagurika bitavunitse cyangwa ubundi bikomeza ibyangiritse.Iyi magnesi ntabwo ikomeye cyangwa ikomeye, ariko irashobora kugorama.Iyari hejuru yerekanwe ku gishushanyo cya 2: 6 irashobora kuzunguruka.Izi magneti zirihariye kuko izindi magneti ntizishobora kunama.Keretse niba ari rukuruzi ihindagurika, ntizunama nta guhindagurika cyangwa kumeneka.Imashini nyinshi zihindagurika zifite insimburangingo ya syntetique ifite urwego ruto rwifu ya ferromagnetic.Substrate nigicuruzwa cyibintu byoroshye, nka vinyl.Sintetike yubukorikori ihinduka magnetique iyo ifu ya ferromagnetic ikoreshwa kuri yo.
Uburyo bwinshi bwo kubyaza umusaruro bukoreshwa mugukora izo magnesi, icyakora hafi ya zose zirimo gukoresha ifu ya ferromagnetique kuri substrate synthique.Ifu ya ferromagnetique ivanze hamwe ningingo ifatika kugeza igihe ifatanye na substrate.Imashini zihindagurika ziza muburyo butandukanye urugero impapuro zerekana ibishushanyo bitandukanye, imiterere, nubunini bikoreshwa.Ibinyabiziga bifite moteri, inzugi, akabati n’inyubako bifashisha izo magneti zoroshye.Izi magneti nazo ziraboneka kumurongo, imirongo iroroshye kandi ndende ugereranije nimpapuro.
Ku isoko bakunze kugurishwa no gupakira mumuzingo.Imashini zihindagurika zirahindagurika hamwe nimiterere yazo kandi zirashobora kuzenguruka imashini kuburyo bworoshye kimwe nubundi buso hamwe nibigize.Imashini ihindagurika irashyigikirwa ndetse nubuso butameze neza cyangwa buringaniye.Imashini zihindagurika zirashobora gutemwa no gushushanywa muburyo bunini.Benshi muribo barashobora gutemwa nigikoresho gakondo cyo gukata.Imashini zihindagurika ntiziterwa no gucukura, ntizishobora guturika ariko zizakora umwobo zitangiza ibintu bya rukuruzi zikikije.
Inganda
Uruganda rukora inganda ni rukuruzi ikomeye cyane ikoreshwa murwego rwinganda.Birahuza nubwoko butandukanye bwimirenge kandi irashobora kuboneka muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose.Barazwi cyane kumanota yabo menshi hamwe nimico yo kugumana imiterere ya magnetisime isigaye.Inganda zihoraho mu nganda zirashobora gukorwa muri alnico, isi idasanzwe, cyangwa ceramic.Nibisumizi bikozwe mubintu bya ferromagnetiki bikoreshwa na magnetiki yo hanze, kandi birashobora kuba mumashanyarazi mugihe kinini.Inganda zinganda zigumana imiterere yazo zidafashijwe hanze, kandi zigizwe ninkingi ebyiri zerekana izamuka ryimbaraga hafi yinkingi.
Amashanyarazi ya Samarium Cobalt arashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bugera kuri 250 ° C.Izi magnesi zirwanya ruswa cyane kuko zidafite ibintu byerekana ibyuma.Nyamara ubu bwoko bwa magnet buhenze cyane kubyara bitewe nigiciro kinini cya cobalt.Kubera ko magneti ya cobalt akwiye ibisubizo bitanga mumashanyarazi menshi cyane, samarium cobalt inganda zikoreshwa mubushuhe bukoreshwa cyane, kandi zigakora moteri, sensor, na generator.
Alnico Inganda Magnet igizwe nibintu byiza bya aluminium, cobalt, na nikel.Iyi magnesi irashobora kandi gushiramo umuringa, icyuma, na titanium.Ugereranije nubwa mbere, magneti ya alnico irwanya ubushyuhe kandi irashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi cyane bugera kuri 525 ° C.Biroroshye kandi demagnetize kuko birakomeye cyane.Inganda za Electromagnets zirahinduka kandi zirashobora gufungura no kuzimya.
Inganda zinganda zirashobora gukoresha nka:
Zikoreshwa mu kuzamura impapuro, ibyuma, hamwe nibyuma.Izi magneti zikomeye zikoreshwa mubigo byinshi byinganda nkibikoresho bya magnetiki bifite ingufu nyinshi bituma akazi koroha kubakozi.Uruganda rukora inganda rushyirwa hejuru yikintu hanyuma nyuma ya magnetis ikingurwa kugirango ifate ikintu hanyuma ikore ihererekanyabubasha ryifuzwa.Bimwe mu byiza byo gukoresha magneti yo guterura inganda ni uko hari ibyago bike cyane byo guhura n'imitsi n'amagufwa hagati y'abakozi.
Gukoresha izo magneti zinganda bifasha abakozi bakora inganda kwirinda imvune, bikuraho gukenera gutwara ibintu biremereye.Inganda zinganda zitezimbere umusaruro mubigo byinshi byinganda, kuko guterura no gutwara ibintu biremereye intoki bitwara igihe kandi bigatwara abakozi kubakozi, umusaruro wabo uragira ingaruka cyane.
Gutandukana kwa Magneti
Inzira yo gutandukanya magnetiki ikubiyemo gutandukanya ibice bivanze ukoresheje magneti kugirango ukurura ibikoresho bya magneti.Gutandukanya magnetique ni ingirakamaro cyane muguhitamo amabuye y'agaciro ari ferromagnetic, ni minerval irimo cobalt, fer, na nikel.Ibyinshi mu byuma, birimo ifeza, aluminium, na zahabu ntabwo ari magnetique.Ubwoko bunini cyane bwubukanishi bukoreshwa mugutandukanya ibyo bikoresho bya magneti.Mugihe cyo gutandukanya magnetiki, magnesi zitunganijwe imbere yingoma ebyiri zitandukanya zirimo amazi, kubera magnesi, ibice bya magneti bigenda byerekanwa ningoma.Ibi birema magnetiki yibanze kurugero rwibanze.
Inzira yo gutandukanya magnetique ikoreshwa no muri electromagnetic crane itandukanya ibintu bya magneti nibikoresho bidakenewe.Ibi bizana imikoreshereze yacyo mu gucunga imyanda n'ibikoresho byoherezwa.Ibyuma bidakenewe nabyo birashobora gutandukanywa nibicuruzwa hamwe nubu buryo.Ibikoresho byose bigumana isuku.Ibikoresho bitandukanye byo gutunganya ibintu hamwe n’ibigo bifashisha gutandukanya magnetiki kugirango bikuremo ibice bitunganyirizwa, ibyuma bitandukanye, no guhanagura amabuye y'agaciro, magnetiki pulleys, magneti yo hejuru, n'ingoma za magneti byari uburyo bwamateka yo gutunganya inganda.
Gutandukanya magnetique ni ingirakamaro cyane mu gucukura ibyuma.Ni ukubera ko icyuma gikurura cyane rukuruzi.Ubu buryo bukoreshwa no mu nganda zitunganya gutandukanya ibyuma byangiza ibicuruzwa.Iyi nzira kandi ni ingenzi mu nganda zimiti kimwe ninganda zibiribwa.Uburyo bwo gutandukanya magnetique bukoreshwa cyane mubihe bikenewe gukurikiranwa n’umwanda, kurwanya umwanda, no gutunganya imiti.Uburyo bwo gutandukanya imbaraga za magnetique nabwo bukoreshwa mugukora ibicuruzwa bikungahaye kuri fer bishobora kongera gukoreshwa.Ibicuruzwa bifite urwego ruto cyane rwanduye hamwe nuburemere bwicyuma kinini.
Inzira ya Magnetique
Ikoranabuhanga rya magnetique ryemereye amakuru kubikwa ku ikarita ya plastiki.Ibi byagezweho no kwishyuza utuntu duto cyane mu buryo bwa magneti ku murongo umwe w'ikarita.Ubu buhanga bwa magnetiki stripe bwatumye hubakwa ikarita yinguzanyo hamwe namakarita yo kubikuza.Ibi byasimbuye cyane ibikorwa byamafaranga mubihugu bitandukanye kwisi.Inzira ya rukuruzi irashobora kandi kwitwa magstripe.Gushiraho amakarita ya magnetiki yumurongo ufite igihe kirekire cyane kandi ubudakemwa bwamakuru atabangamiwe, ibigo byimari namabanki byashoboye gukora ubwoko bwose bwikarita ishingiye kubikorwa.
Imirongo ya magnetique iri mumibare itabarika yibikorwa buri munsi kandi birakorwa muburyo bwamakarita ndangamuntu.Abantu kabuhariwe mu gusoma amakarita biroroshye gukuramo vuba amakuru yikarita ya magneti, hanyuma yoherezwa muri banki kugirango yemererwe.Ariko, mu myaka yashize, ikirango-ikoranabuhanga rishya ryarushijeho guhangana no kugurisha amakarita ya magneti.Abanyamwuga benshi bavuga kuri ubu buryo bugezweho nka sisitemu yo kwishyura idafite aho ihurira kuko ikubiyemo ibihe aho amakuru yimikorere ashobora kwimurwa, atari kumurongo wa magneti, ahubwo nibimenyetso byoherejwe na chip nto.Isosiyete Apple Inc yatangije uburyo bwo kwishyura butishyurwa.
Imashini ya Neodymium
Iyi magneti idasanzwe yisi ni magnesi zihoraho.Zibyara imbaraga za magneti zikomeye cyane, kandi umurima wa magnetiki ukorwa na magneti neodymium urenga teslas 1.4.Imashini ya Neodymium ifite porogaramu nyinshi zavuzwe hepfo.Zikoreshwa mugukora disiki zikomeye zirimo inzira nibice biranga selile.Izi selile zose zikoreshwa na magnetis igihe cyose amakuru yanditswe kuri disiki.Ubundi buryo bwo gukoresha magnesi ni mumajwi, amajwi, mikoro, na terefone.
Amashanyarazi atwara iboneka muri ibi bikoresho akoreshwa hamwe na magnesi zihoraho kugirango ahindure amashanyarazi ingufu za mashini.Ubundi buryo bukoreshwa ni uko magnesi ntoya nini ya neodymium ikoreshwa cyane mugushira amenyo neza.Izi magneti zikoreshwa mumazu atuyemo nubucuruzi kumiryango kubwimpamvu z'umutekano n'umutekano wuzuye.Ubundi buryo bufatika bwo gukoresha magnesi ni mugukora imiti ivura imitako, urunigi, n'imitako.Imashini ya Neodymium ikoreshwa cyane nka sensor ya feri yo kurwanya feri, feri yo kurwanya gufunga yashyizwe mumodoka no mumodoka nyinshi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jul-05-2022